De Havilland British Columbia

De Havilland Aircraft of British Columbia Ltd. (DHBC) was an aircraft manufacturer of British Columbia active from 1929 to 1993. Along with Supermarine British Columbia and Hoffar Aero Engines it was one of the "Big Three" of the aviation industry of British Columbia.

= History = The company was established in 1929 by the British de Havilland Aircraft Company to build aircraft for the British Columbian market, both civilian and military, and subsequently designed and produced indigenous designs as well.

Having gained extensive experience building piston-powered commercial aircraft after the Second World War, in 1956 DHBC began production of its largest commercial airliner to that point, a 60 passenger development of the DH (UK) Heron. This paved the way for a transition to jet airliners in the form of the DHBC-7 Trident, a variant of the British Hawker Siddeley HS-121 Trident, and ultimately the DHBC-9 Kehloke.

= Products =

Civilian types

 * DH.50B Bluebird, 1929–1932, 4 passenger light airliner
 * DH.66 Hercules, 1929, 7 passenger light airliner/mailplane
 * DH.84 Dragon, 1933–1935, 6-10 passenger airliner
 * DH.86C Express, 1935–1936, 10-16 passenger airliner
 * DH.89C Dragon Rapide, 1935–1946, 8 passenger airliner; military version designated DH.89D Dominie
 * DH.90B Dragonfly, 1937–1939, 6 passenger light airliner/mailplane
 * DH.91B Albatross, 1938, 28 passenger airliner
 * DH.95B Flamingo, 1939–1948, 17 passenger airliner
 * DHBC-1 Dove, 1947–1954, 11 passenger airliner
 * DHBC-2 Heron, 1951–1964, 14 passenger airliner
 * DHBC-3 Sandpiper, 1955–1960, licence-built Percival Pembroke, 10 passenger airliner/utility aircraft; military version designated DHBC-3 Victoria
 * DHBC-4 Skylark, 1956–1964, 50-60 passenger airliner
 * DHBC-5 Swan, 1963–1970, licence-built Hawker Siddeley HS.748, 40-58 passenger airliner
 * DHBC-6 Twin Otter, 1966-1977, licence built De Havilland Canada DHC-6 for BC customers, 20 passenger airliner/utility aircraft
 * DHBC-7 Trident, 1966–1980, licence-built Hawker Siddeley HS-121 Trident, several variants of tri-jet airliner
 * DHBC-8 Skookum Trident, 1979–1986, further development of Trident airliner
 * DHBC-9 Kehloke, 1983–1993, twin-jet airliner of indigenous design; last DHBC product

Military types

 * DH.82 Tiger Moth
 * DH.98 Mosquito
 * DH.111 Vixen
 * DH.130 Gibsons

= Production = Constructor's Number (c/n) 1 was the first aircraft built by DHBC, a DH.50B Bluebird. When production of military types began in 1932 with the DH.82 Tiger Moth, the first DH.82 received c/n M1, and the prefix C was retroactively added to the c/n of commercial types already built. Even if built for a military customer, a type officially designated "civilian" received a C number; similarly, in the rare case of an officially "military" type being built for a civilian customer, it received an M number.

Total production
1976: 1153-1203 8 DHBC-6 7 DHBC-7C 3 Panagra, 2 PWAL, 2 MEA 25 DHBC-7D 3 Panagra, 2 PWAL, 3 IDAL, 3 Western, 2 Air Canada, 3 Trans-Australia, 3 CP, 3 Alitalia, 3 TWA 16 DHBC-7E 2 PSA, 2 Varig, 3 Southern, 2 Frontier, 1 Faucett, 3 Sabena, 3 AirCal, 2 Air BC

1977: 1204-1261 4 DHBC-6 4 Harbour Air 23 DHBC-7D 3 Panagra, 2 PWAL, 3 IDAL, 3 Western, 2 Air Canada, 1 LAB, 3 CP, 3 Alitalia, 3 TWA 21 DHBC-7E 2 PSA, 2 Varig, 2 Air Jamaica, 3 Southern, 2 Frontier, 2 Faucett, 3 Sabena, 3 AirCal, 2 Air BC 2 DHBC-8 prototype

1978: 1262-1313 19 DHBC-7D 2 Panagra, 2 PWAL, 3 IDAL, 2 Air Canada, 3 CP, 4 Alitalia, 3 TWA 17 DHBC-7E 2 PSA, 1 Air Jamaica, 2 Frontier, 2 Faucett, 2 Quebecair, 2 Sabena, 4 AirCal, 2 Air BC

1979: 1314-1378 22 DHBC-7D 2 Panagra, 4 PWAL, 3 IDAL, 2 Air Canada, 1 LAB, 3 CP, 3 Alitalia, 3 TWA, 1 Air BC 14 DHBC-7E 2 PSA, 1 Varig, 1 Air Jamaica, 1 Quebecair, 2 Sabena, 4 AirCal, 2 Air BC 20 DHBC-8 3 ANA, 4 Panagra, 5 PWAL, 4 IDAL, 2 RZ Air, 2 TWA

1980: 1379-1444 20 DHBC-7D 3 Western, 2 Air Canada, 2 Faucett, 2 RZ Air, 3 CP, 3 Alitalia, 3 TWA, 2 Air BC 12 DHBC-7E 3 PSA, 1 Air Jamaica, 1 Quebecair, 5 AirCal, 2 Air BC 20 DHBC-8 3 ANA, 3 Panagra, 2 Air Jamaica, 2 PWAL, 3 IDAL, 3 Frontier, 2 TWA, 2 Sabena

1981: 1445-1500 21 DHBC-7D 4 Western, 2 Air Canada, 2 RZ Air, 3 CP, 4 Alitalia, 3 TWA, 3 Air BC 19 DHBC-8 3 ANA, 2 Panagra, 3 PWAL, 2 IDAL, 3 Frontier, 2 RZ Air, 2 TWA, 2 Evergreen Air Cargo

1982: 1501-1562 18 DHBC-7D 3 Western, 1 Air Canada, 2 RZ Air, 3 CP, 3 Alitalia, 3 TWA, 3 Air BC 25 DHBC-8 3 ANA, 3 Panagra, 2 Air Jamaica, 4 PWAL, 3 IDAL, 3 Frontier, 3 TWA, 2 Sabena, 2 Evergreen Air Cargo

1983: 1563-1621 13 DHBC-7D 2 Faucett, 2 CP, 3 Alitalia, 3 TWA, 3 Air BC 24 DHBC-8 3 ANA, 2 Panagra, 4 PWAL, 3 IDAL, 3 Frontier, 2 RZ Air, 3 TWA, 4 Evergreen Air Cargo 1 DHBC-9A Kehloke 1 	DHNA demonstrator 	VB-DHQ 	2017 	First prototype, used as demonstrator; sold to RZ Airways as VP-WXA in 1993 after discontinuation of Kehloke production, preserved at Victoria International Airport

1984: 1622-1648 23 DHBC-8 3 ANA, 3 Panagra, 3 PWAL, 4 IDAL, 3 Frontier, 3 TWA, 4 Evergreen Air Cargo 2 DHBC-9 Kehloke 1 DHNA demonstrator 	VB-DHR 	2017 	Second prototype, used as demonstrator; sold to RZ Airways as VP-WXB in 1993 after discontinuation of Kehloke production DHNA demonstrator 	VB-DHS 	2017 	Second prototype, used as demonstrator; sold to RZ Airways as VP-WXC in 1993 after discontinuation of Kehloke production

1985: 1649-1667 25 DHBC-8 3 ANA, 3 Panagra, 4 PWAL, 3 IDAL, 3 Frontier, 2 RZ Air, 3 TWA, 4 Evergreen Air Cargo

1986: 1668-1688 23 DHBC-8 3 ANA, 3 Panagra, 4 PWAL, 3 IDAL, 3 Frontier, 3 TWA, 4 Evergreen Air Cargo 3 DHBC-9 Air BC 	VB-KAA 	2017 	Preserved at the British Columbia Aviation Museum Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKA 	2019 	To Air BC in 2002 as VB-KBC Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKA 	2016 	To Aeromexico in 2003 as XA-KAS

1987: 1689-1699 11 DHBC-9 Aeromexico 	XA-KAA 	2016 	Preserved at Benito Juárez International Airport, Mexico City Aeromexico 	XA-KAB 	2016 Air BC 	VB-KAB 	2019 Air BC 	VB-KAC 	1994 	Destroyed in crash in 1994 Air BC 	VB-KAD 	2018 Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKB 	2017 	To Air BC in 2002 as VB-KBF Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKC 	i.s. 	To Malév in 2001 as HA-DKJ, to be retired by 2023 Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKB 	2014 	To Aeromexico in 2003 as XA-KAQ China Airlines 	B-50301 	i.s. 	To Cambodian Airlines in 2000 as XU-ZAC Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKD 	2020 	To Malév in 2001 as HA-DKH Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKC 	2017

1988: 1700-1713 14 DHBC-9 Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKD 	2015 	To Aeromexico in 2003 XA-KAP China Airlines 	B-50302 	i.s. 	To Cambodian Airlines in 2000 as XU-ZAA Air BC 	VB-KAE 	2019 Air BC 	VB-KAF 	2019 Air BC 	VB-KAG 	2018 Awyr Cymru - Air Wales 	G-CYKA 	i.s. 	To Albanian Airlines in 2002 as ZA-YKA Awyr Cymru - Air Wales 	G-CYKB 	i.s. 	To Albanian Airlines in 2002 as ZA-YKB Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKE 	2019 	To Air BC in 2002 as VB-KBG Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKF 	i.s. 	To Malév in 2001 as HA-DKL, to be retired by 2023 Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKG 	2020 	To Malév in 2001 as HA-DKI Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKH 	i.s. 	To Malév in 2001 as HA-DKK, to be retired by 2023 China Airlines 	B-50303 	i.s. 	To Cambodian Airlines in 2000 as XU-ZAE China Airlines 	B-50304 	i.s. 	To Cambodian Airlines in 2000 as XU-ZAF Air BC 	VB-KAH 	2017

1989: 1714-1725 12 DHBC-9 Air BC 	VB-KAI 	2018 Air BC 	VB-KAJ 	2018 Aeromexico 	XA-KAC 	2014 Aeromexico 	XA-KAD 	2016 Aeromexico 	XA-KAE 	2015 Aeromexico 	XA-KAF 	2015 Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKI 	i.s. 	To Malév in 2001 as HA-DKM, to be retired by 2023 Malév Hungarian Airlines 	HA-DKA 	2020 	Preserved at Ferihegy International Airport, Budapest Malév Hungarian Airlines 	HA-DKB 	i.s. 	To be retired by 2023 Awyr Cymru - Air Wales 	G-CYKC 	i.s. 	To Albanian Airlines in 2002 as ZA-YKC Awyr Cymru - Air Wales 	G-CYKD 	i.s. 	To Albanian Airlines in 2002 as ZA-YKD Dragonair 	VR-HKN 	2021 	To Malév in 2002 as HA-DKO

1990: 1726-1738 13 DHBC-9 Dragonair 	VR-HKO 	i.s. 	To Malév in 2002 as HA-DKR, to be retired by 2023 Dragonair 	VR-HKP 	2021 	To Malév in 2002 as HA-DKQ Air BC 	VB-KAK 	2018 Air BC 	VB-KAL 	2018 Air BC 	VB-KAM 	2017 Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKE 	2016 Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKF 	2016 	To Aeromexico in 2003 as XA-KAR Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKG 	2016 	To Aeromexico in 2003 as XA-KAV Air BC 	VB-KAN 	2019 Air BC 	VB-KAO 	2017 China Airlines 	B-50305 	i.s. 	To Cambodian Airlines in 2000 as XU-ZAB China Airlines 	B-50306 	i.s. 	To Cambodian Airlines in 2000 as XU-ZAD Aeromexico 	XA-KAG 	2016

1991: 1739-1752 12 DHBC-9 Aeromexico 	XA-KAH 	2014 Awyr Cymru - Air Wales 	G-CYKE 	i.s. 	To Albanian Airlines in 2002 as ZA-YKE Awyr Cymru - Air Wales 	G-CYKF 	i.s. 	To Albanian Airlines in 2002 as ZA-YKF Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKH 	2016 	To Aeromexico in 2003 as XA-KAT Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKI 	2015 	To Aeromexico in 2003 as XA-KAU Dragonair 	VR-HKQ 	i.s. 	To Malév in 2002 as HA-DKN, to be retired by 2023 Dragonair 	VR-HKR 	i.s. 	To Malév in 2002 as HA-DKP, to be retired by 2023 Air BC 	VB-KAP 	2018 Air BC 	VB-KAQ 	2003 	Burnt out on ground and written off Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKJ 	2013 	To Aeromexico in 2003 as XA-KAW Malév Hungarian Airlines 	HA-DKC 	i.s. 	To be retired by 2023 Malév Hungarian Airlines 	HA-DKD 	i.s. 	To be retired by 2023

1 DHBC-9B 1744 Kehloke 2 prototype, to SAA 1993

1992: 1753-1773 21 DHBC-9 Air BC 	VB-KAR 	2018 Air BC 	VB-KAS 	2019 Aeromexico 	XA-KAI 	2016 Aeromexico 	XA-KAJ 	2014 Aeromexico 	XA-KAK 	2015 Aeromexico 	XA-KAL 	2015 CP Air 	C-FKAA 	2020 	To Malév in 1999 as HA-DKF CP Air 	C-FKAB 	i.s. 	To Malév in 1999 as HA-DKG, to be retired by 2023 Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKK 	2017 Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKL 	2017 Air BC 	VB-KAT 	2019 Air BC 	VB-KAU 	2017 Air BC 	VB-KAV 	2018 Aeromexico 	XA-KAM 	2016 Air BC 	VB-KAW 	2018 Air BC 	VB-KAX 	2018 Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKM 	2016 Aeromexico 	XA-KAN 	2016 Air BC 	VB-KAY 	2018 Pacific Western Airlines 	VB-PKN 	2017 Air BC 	VB-KAZ 	2017

1993 9 DHBC-9 Aeromexico 	XA-KAO 	2015 Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKJ 	2015 	To Air BC in 2002 as VB-KBH Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKK 	2019 	To Air BC in 2002 as VB-KBD Inter-Dominion Air Lines 	VB-IKL 	2019 	To Air BC in 2002 as VB-KBE CP Air 	C-FKAC 	i.s. 	To Malév in 1999 as HA-DKD, to be retired by 2023 CP Air 	C-FKAD 	2021 	To Malév in 1999 as HA-DKE Aeromexico 	XA-KAP 	2016 Air BC 	VB-KBA 	2019 Air BC 	VB-KBB 	2019

3 DHBC-9B SAA